旅遊景點翻譯英文論文
Ⅰ 求關於旅遊英語翻譯的論文
Division of screen-mounted device to adjust
Description: a screen play and caught on the screen for some adjustment to do with the collection mechanism, which is characterized by a variety of roles on the division of labor is carried out (in the concept of machine translation can be omitted)
a resolvability device to append and adjust the screen
Step-by-step reflection-adjustment device
: Fixed set of mirrors and mirror can adjust the angle of mechanical devices, is characterized by its step-by-step process of adjustment is carried out (the concept of machine translation can be omitted, can be fixed without considering the role, mainly Step-by-step adjustment)
a processly device for adjusting the reflector
Turn heat style channel
Description: A curved shape of the cooling channel, aimed at cooling the direction of the side window to blow hot air from the rear ruled out
a curving channels for radiator
Adjust the base unit
Introction: the installation of the mechanical base, the base can be several feet at the end of adjustment in order to maintain the level of the base and a high degree of change in the base.
a device for adjusting the pedestal
Layered mechanical adjustment device
: A mechanical frame (or mechanical device or machine base), the above equipment can be installed, the shelves can be adjusted to change the equipment installed in the above point of view and location. It features the shelf is tiered, to adjust the functions carried out stratification.
a layered mechanical regulator
Ⅱ 求一篇有關旅遊的英語文章(2000英文以上),帶翻譯的最好了!
Cheng is the capital of Sichuan Province and an important instrial, commercial and financial city in southwestern China.
Located in one if the country』s richest agricultural plains,Cheng has 12,390sq.km. By rail,Cheng is 2,048 km from Beijing and slightly over 2 hours by air of Beijing. Itcan also be reached by a less than 20 hours train rides with about 250 Km of tunnels. Cheng has direct domestic and interna flights from elsewhere in China,Hong Kong and some neibouring countries. With an altitude of 500 meters, it has a temperate climate and abudant rainfall in summer. The population of Cheng is about 9.60 million-divided among 8 districts,4 outlyihg cities and 8 counties. About 1.4 million people reside in the city center.
cheng has a history of over 2000 years. century BC,the king of Shu moved his capital to this site.At first Cheng Was only a county center. The second year it turnek into a metropolis.It developed so fast that the city received the name:Cheng,which literally meant "becoming a capital". During the Western Han Dynasty(206BC~23AD),the brocade weaving and trade brought so much prosperity to the local area that the government set up a special office in the Southwest of the city to manage brocade weaving and trade business .The city became Known as Jincheng (the Brocade City) afterwards.Another mane was given to Cheng ringthe five Dynasties Period(907-960)when Meng Chang (孟昶),emperor of the Later Shu State was in power .The emperor loved hibiscus very much ,and he had those flowers planted atop the city wall.The hibiscus in blossom made cheng colorful for miles around .So Cheng had another name called Furong Cheng (the Hibiscus City) .
Dated back to the Qin and Han Dynasties,Cheng was alresdy one of the five top instrial was already one of the five top instrial and commercial cities.In theTang Dynasty Cheng was as prosperous as Yangzhou(揚州),a big city located in the south of China. In the Nouthern Song veloped with several huge markets inside the city.Cheng even had night markets and particular centers ,which had exclusive sales of certain commodities.
Traditionally Cheng has long been well-known for its many crafts:embroidery,lacquer ware,silver artistry ,pottery,bamboo ware,silk weaving,cade are regarded as one of the top four fine silks in china.Near the Du Fu Cottage is a famous embroidery factory where skilled workers stitch out with their meedles silk paintings.the elegant designs are perfect to view from both sides of the fabric.In some other workshops,artisans at work carve intricate and elaborate objects of ivory and jade ,design precious silver articles,and weave bamboo into useful and beautiful pieces .these workshops are nowadays a part of the tourist circuit as China opens up to the outside world.
Cheng was one of the birthplaces of the an-Weng(文翁),head of the prefecture of Shu started centuries saw the cultural development by contribuXiangru(司馬相如),Li Bai,Su Shi ( 蘇軾)who them and in return their excellent literature works enabled the local culture to advance.
Cheng is pleasantly laid out with broad streets and many public parks .Howevey,some older parts of the city still have marrow streets and sculptured wooden houses.Cheng has many places of interests to see .The highlights for visitors are DuFu』s Thatched Cottage,the temple of Marquis wu,Dujiang lrrigation Project and Precious Light Monastery.Besides,local restaurants serve sichuan cuisine,which is as famous as Cantonese food .Not all of the Sichuan food is spicy-hot .Flower pedals and herbs are used in such specialties as "fired lotus flower","governor』s chicken"and "smoked ck with tea fragrance".
Cheng is advancing in all fields .It attracts friends and visitors both at home and abroad.
成都旅遊的。
希望我的回答對您有幫助,祝好!
學習進步哦!
及時採納,謝謝。
Ⅲ 求牛人幫翻譯旅遊英文論文摘要!!!
先翻譯一段,看的可以繼續幫專你翻~屬
With
the
rise
of
the
consuming
capacity
and
living
standard
of
the
people,the
direction
of
tourist
Consumer
development
which
under
the
developed
tendency
of
multilevel
and
multiway,assembling
a
great
many
of
leisure
and
knowledge
into
one
whole
point
for
the
instrial
tourism.
Ⅳ 論文題目"英文旅遊景點介紹對比淺析"英文怎麼翻譯
Contrast Analysis of Introction to Scenic Spots in English
【希望幫助到你
祝你學習進步,更上一層樓!(*^__^*)】
Ⅳ 急求一篇關於旅遊的英文文章,論文要求的外文翻譯那種
這是關於旅遊的好處的。。。
Many people ponder what they should do for a vacation and I realized a lot of people don』t seem to share my views about traveling. I believe it』s very important to see the world and different cultures. It lets us open our minds to new things and we get to experience life in exiting different ways.
Traveling gives us the opportunity to disconnect from our regular life. You get to forget your problems/issues for a few weeks, it can also help you figure things out that you would not have understood without the distance traveling can give you. We all have crazy scheles, work and a family to take care of, going away alone or with some friends can give you distance and perhaps even make you realize how important these people are for you. Like the saying says: we never know what we have until we lose it.
Another great benefit is the relaxation you get to do. It』s nice to live life to its fullest and enjoy a stress free time with yourself. Going on vacation lets us recharge our 「batteries」 by disconnecting us from our regular life. When we come back we feel invigorated and we are happy to be back in our day to day routine. It』s a very good stress remover that has a lot more to give than most people are willing to accept.
Traveling increases our knowledge and widens our perspective. To view new customs, different ways of living is fantastic for the mind. It gives us a new perspective about life and especially our life, it can help us change some of our habits or even create new ones. When I travel I usually make it a point to try new food, some cultures don』t have fries in their diet and they are all skinny, others use spices to give taste and not oils or fats. Discovering different values and ways to get by in life is really interesting. You also need to visit exotic new places and discover what this wonderful world has to offer.
New experiences increase our resourcefulness by living situations you would never encounter at home, this is great experience for you when you come back to your routine. I have noticed that people who traveled a lot in life were ready to embrace change and have a natural ability of overcoming problems that others would frown upon.
When traveling with friends or family it creates memories for a lifetime. These memories will create a bond that nothing can erase no matter what happens with the friendship/relationship. It can also give a new perspective on the relationship and cement the bond forever. It also gives nice stories to tell people afterwards, you can create photo albums about your trips and when you feel nostalgic you can take an hour of your life and experience the trips again by looking at your pictures.
It』s never been this cheap to travel. With soaring oil prices the cheap travel era might be coming to an end. However there are still many budget airlines fighting for your dollar right now. With the internet and all the new technology, you can plan your trip exactly the way you want it. You can choose your budget, the ration of the trip and what you want to do. I suggest to read travel blogs and see what others are experiencing, you can save yourself a few hurdles by reading about their trip.
If you have some time off I suggest to take that trip and experience what life has to offer. Don』t wait or tell yourself there will be a better time to go. Take the risk, the opportunity and buy your plane ticket right now and leave. When you come back you won』t be sorry that you left, on the contrary you will be thinking of your next trip the second you come back from the airport.
Ⅵ 介紹中國旅遊地點的英文作文,帶中文翻譯
暑假游長白山
Summer tour in Chang Mountain
暑假,我參加了爸爸單位組織的旅遊活動,在這次活動中,我登上了長白山,看到了人們常談的「人間仙境」
Summer vacation, I took part in the dad unit of organization of tourism activities, in the event, I stepped on the Chang Mountain, see the people often talk about the "fairyland on earth"
那天清晨,我們來到了長白山的小天池。小天池的風景真美,湖水平如明鏡,微風輕佛,把叛變的花草樹木和岩石都倒映在碧波漣漪的小天池裡。碧綠的湖水和倒映中的林海峭壁融為一體,更為小天池的景緻添色不少。
Early that morning, we came to the small Tianchi in Chang Mountain. Beautiful scenery of the small Tianchi Lake, the lake level as a mirror, the breeze light Buddha, the mutiny of flowers and trees and rocks are reflected in the blue waves ripple the Tianchi small. The green lake and reflected in Linhai cliff together, more small Tianchi scenery add a lot of color.
八點左右,我們乘車去長白山頂,看長白山的天池。車沿著盤山道盤旅行駛,我坐在撤離,手裡拿著《長白山瀏覽圖》,真想插上翅膀快點兒飛到那兒,看看這舉世聞名的長白山天地。窗外,一座座大山在眼前掠過,一片片松林在眼前出現。汽車很快地到了長白山天池的旁邊。天池周圍屹立著十六座雄偉的峰戀,像一尊尊勇士。這十六座巨峰,有的像直插青天的寶塔;有的似瞪著眼睛的雷翁……
Eight pm, we ride to see the Tianchi Chang Mountain, Chang Mountain. Car along the winding road wheel travel drive, I sat in the evacuation, holding the Chang Mountain View Map ", really want to in wing hurry to fly there, look at the world-famous Chang Mountain of heaven and earth. Out of the window, a large mountain in the eyes, a piece of pine forest in the eyes. The car soon came to the side of the Tianchi in Chang Mountain. Tianchi around the sixteen majestic peaks of love, like a statue of honor. The sixteen seat Jufeng, some like blue line pagoda; some like staring Lei Weng......
接著,我們離開了天池,坐車到長白山下看瀑布。瞧那飛流的瀑布,似一條銀白色的帶子從巍巍山峰上傾瀉下來。它轟鳴著,喧嚷著,響聲震耳欲聾,千絲萬縷的水絲匯成澎湃的瀑布,激流並進出千滴萬粒的水珠,在陽光照射下閃著銀光。耳畔不由想起唐代大詩人禮拜的千古名句:「飛流直下三千尺,疑是銀河落九天。」
Then, we left the Tianchi, the car to see the falls under the Chang Mountain. Look at the waterfall, like a silver white ribbon from the towering mountains down. It roared loud a,, the noise was deafening, countless water wire merged into the surging waterfall, stream and import and drop one thousand million grains of drops of water, in the sunlight flash of silver light. I do not think a great poet of the Tang Dynasty worship line: "waterfalls three thousand feet, the suspect is the Milky Way fell nine days."
我站在長白山天池旁,被這人間仙境深深迷住了,我真想大聲呼喊:「我愛這人間仙境,我愛祖國的打好河山!」
I stand beside the Tianchi in Chang Mountain, is fascinated by this fairyland on earth, I really want to shout loudly: "I love this fairyland on earth, I love the motherland, the play good rivers and mountains!"
Ⅶ 想寫關於旅遊英語的翻譯 論文,該參考些什麼書呢
陳剛:跨文化意識導游詞譯者之必備(中國翻譯,)
陳剛:旅遊翻譯與涉外導游(中國對外翻譯出版公司,2004)
李文革:西方翻譯理論流派研究(中國社會科學出版社,2004)
廖七一:當代英國翻譯理論(湖北教育出版社,2001)
Newmark.P.A Textbook of Translation(Shanghai Foreign Language Ecation Press,2001)
《跨文化交際英語教程》,上海外語教育出版社
Bast, Susan 《翻譯研究》Translation Studies 上海外語教育出版社2004
Gentzler, Edwin 《今世翻譯定見(第二版修訂本)》Contemporary Translation Theories (Revised Second Edition) 上海外語教育出版社2004
Newmark, Peter《翻譯教程》A Textbook of Translation 上海外語教育出版社2001
《實用英漢翻譯教程》申雨平、戴寧編 外語教學與研究出版社 2002
《實用漢英翻譯教程》曾誠編 外語教學與研究出版社 2002
《西方翻譯定見精選》申雨平編,外研社,2002年
《翻譯入門》陳德彰編,外研社
向萍,旅遊英語,高等教育出版社, 1998 年
段開成 旅遊英語,高等院校旅遊專業系列教材, 1998 年
周毅,旅遊英語教程,四川大學出版社, 2001
王蘇平,旅遊英語,中國林業出版社, 2000
潘惠霞,旅遊英語( 1-4 冊),旅遊教育出版社, 2001
《旅遊英語》教材編寫組,旅遊英語,高等教育出版社, 2002
《英美文化基礎教程》,朱永濤編著,外語教學與研究出版社,1991年11月版;
《英語國家概況》,余志遠主編,外語教學與研究出版社,1996年12月版;
《英語國家背景》世界圖書出版公司,1995年2月版。
《旅遊學概論》,田裡編著,南開大學出版社,1998年11月第一版;
《旅遊學概論》,謝彥君等編著,東北財經大學出版社,1999年6月第一版;
《現代旅遊學》,孫文昌、郭偉著,青島出版社,1997年10月第一版。
《中國旅遊地理》,龐規荃,旅遊教育出版社,1997年版;
《中國旅遊地理》,李娟文等,東北財經大學出版社,1999年版;
《中國旅遊地理》,林宛如,東北財經大學出版社,1997年版;
《中國旅遊地理》,戴松年等,測繪出版社,1993年版。
《現代旅遊英語》,曾蕾編,中山大學出版社,1998年版;
《旅遊英語口語教程》,丁樹德、李旭編著,天津大學出版社,1996年10月版;
《商務旅遊英語》,北京大學出版社,1999年9月版,理查茲•沙雷特編著。
Ⅷ 英語介紹旅遊景點的美文1000字,最好帶翻譯
Wenzhou "paradise" -- -- - nanxi river
Nanxi river is located in yongjia county, north of wenzhou, zhejiang province. It is a national AAAA scenic spot, known as "the first water of heaven". By beauty, jiang jian qu, waterfall, tam brigitte, the peak, YanXiu, strange stone, caves, Jane, the village is famous for its ancient trees, there are "thousand rock of TV, mountains and valleys flow", is with harmonizing natural landscape, cultural landscape in the integration of landscape pastoral area. It is known as "the cradle of Chinese landscape painting". The total length of the nanxi river is 145km, and it is a tree-like water system with abundant water and winding river flows. There are so-called "36 bay" and "72 beach". The river is smooth without delay, with a degree of urgency.
On the dock, the workers are waiting for the visitors.
The bamboo raft is made of large, brown, large, brown bamboo, which is made of large, brown and brown bamboo. It is made of a set of 15. 2 rows of bamboo chairs for tourists to take.
The bow was up high, and the bamboo raft was drifting along the nanxi river and down the river
The water was clear and clean, and it was green and close to the shore. You could see the pebbles in the shallows. The riverfront ck plays with water, and can still hear the cheerful "sip" of the ck.
As the only scenic spot in China's national scenic area with idyllic scenery, the unique landscape of its rich and stirring level makes visitors wonder.
The green river is long and long, the wind is gentle, the water is like a mirror; The two sides of the cross - strait forest are stained, green and bright; Layers of smoke trees, hidden ancient villages, distant mountains such as dai, such as fairyland. The whole mountain water scene is very light and appropriate, the function is proper, is very infatuated.
Two small lantau island in front of the wharf of zhanchuan village in yantou town. From afar, the strange rock in the river is like a lion's play ball, hence the name of the lion rock. The lion rock, such as a lion, is full of jagged rocks, with its head held high and its head held high. The other lantau, known as "lion island", is covered with trees and trees, and the grass is luxuriant, and the wind is blowing, the crown swaying, like a lion's ball rolling.
You will be amazed when you visit the nanxi river. The distant mountains like the clouds, green mountains and water is heaven.
The nanxi river is a beautiful scroll that is slowly rolled out, which is a classic of the jiangnan landscape and a peach blossom source in the traveler's heart.
溫州「世外桃源」——————楠溪江
楠溪江位於浙江省溫州市北部的永嘉縣境內,是國家AAAA級景區,素有「天下第一水」之稱。以江美、澗曲、瀑多、潭碧、峰奇、岩秀、石怪、洞幽、樹珍、村古著稱,有「千岩競秀,萬壑爭流」之說,是融自然景觀、人文景觀於一體的山水田園名勝區。被譽為「中國山水畫搖籃」。楠溪江幹流全長145公里,為樹狀水系,水量豐富,江流蜿蜒曲折,有所謂「36灣」和「72灘」之說。江水暢而不滯,緩急有度,常年不枯。
碼頭上,梢工們在此靜候遊人。
竹筏是用當地產的粗大的、黃褐色的大毛竹編制而成,約碗口粗,15根為一組,成為一隻。2排竹椅,供遊客乘坐。
船頭向上高高翹起,竹筏是沿著楠溪江漂流,順江而下
江水清澈潔凈,呈翠綠色,離岸邊近的地方,可以看到淺灘上大大小小的鵝卵石。江邊草鴨戲水,不時地還可以聽到歡快的「呷呷」鴨鳴。
作為我國國家級風景區當中唯一以田園山水風光見長的景區,它那層次豐富、動靜有致的獨特景觀令遊客無不嘖嘖稱奇。
碧綠江水悠悠流長,清風徐來,水面如鏡;兩岸層林盡染,蒼翠欲滴;層層煙樹,隱隱古村,遠山如黛,真如仙境一般。整個山水景濃淡相宜,虛實得當,令人如痴如醉。
岩頭鎮下日川村碼頭前潭中的兩座小嶼。遠遠望去,江水中突兀而起的奇岩,酷似獅子戲球,故名獅子岩。獅子岩其中一嶼如獅,渾身怪石嶙峋,昂首張口,迎流而踞。另一嶼似球,名「獅子球嶼」,其上樹木叢生,百草豐茂,江風吹來,樹冠搖曳,宛如獅球滾動。
游罷楠溪江,您定會感嘆不已:「清幽蜿蜒楠溪江,不見漁翁未見船。遠山如黛雲霧繞,青山碧水是天堂。」
楠溪江,是一幅緩緩鋪開的絕美畫卷,這是江南山水中的經典,也是旅行者心中的桃花源。
Ⅸ 關於旅遊景點名稱翻譯的文獻綜述,英文寫
這個提問難度也太高了吧!應該沒什麼人會,多發幾個問題應該會有人回答,資料要詳細點!
Ⅹ 關於景區英語翻譯的畢業論文怎麼寫資料去哪找
一.關於本專業畢業論文的選題 英語專業本科生畢業論文選題可以在三個大的方向中進行,即英語文學,語言學和翻譯學。各個大方向中又可以選擇小的方向,具體解釋如下: 1.英語文學:選擇英語文學的畢業論文選題可以從三個方向進行:國別文學研究、文學批評理論研究和比較文學研究。 在進行國別文學研究選題時,一般選取英國文學或美國文學中的某一經典作家(如海明威),某一經典作品(如《雙城記》),某一寫作手法(如象徵手法的運用)或某一文學思潮(如浪漫主義運動)作深入研究。但在選擇作家或作品時最好選擇在文學史上作為經典的作家或作品。有個別流行作家或作品極富盛名,容易引起學生的興趣,如《飄》或《荊棘鳥》,學生有強烈願望選擇它們作為研究對象。在不可避免上述情況時,應該盡可能地挖掘作品內在的深刻含義,不能流於膚淺的分析。 文學批評理論的選題一般不太適合英語專業本科生,因為該理論知識的學習在英語專業研究生階段,本科生一般不具備文學批評理論的知識結構。這個方向的選題可以有關某一文學批評理論,一文學批評術語的闡釋或某兩種或以上的文學批評理論的比較。 比較文學研究就是將兩個以上的作家或作品進行比較。這兩個作品或作家可以是同一國別的(如「雪萊與拜倫的詩歌比較」),也可以是不同國別的(如《牡丹亭》與《羅密歐與朱麗葉》) 2.語言學:選擇語言學的畢業論文選題可以在兩個大的方向進行:普通語言學和應用語言學。 普通語言學的研究就是對於英語語言的任何一個方面的研究,如對一種詞性、或一種時態、或拼寫、語調等等方面的研究(如「一般現在時及其交際功能」)。 應用語言學包括教學法的研究和其它一些新興的應用語言學分支的研究。師范專業或本身從事教師職業的學生選擇教學法方向的較多。在這個方向選題,也要避免過大范圍的選題,而應對一個具體問題進行研究,最重要的是要結合教學實踐或實驗。這個方向的好的選題有:「個性與英語教學」,「方言對英語學習的影響」等。 3.翻譯學:翻譯學的選題一般可以在兩個方向上進行:翻譯理論以及翻譯活動。對翻譯理論的研究就是探討某一種翻譯理論等等。相比之下,對翻譯活動的研究更多一些,這些選題可以是對一種語言現象的翻譯、或一種修辭格的翻譯的研究(如「漢語成語的英譯」)。應該注意的是,在對翻譯活動作研究時,往往需要某種翻譯理論支撐,總結規律,並對這一活動作出評價,要避免僅僅時例子的羅列。 二.英語專業畢業論文格式要求 學位論文包括前置、主體、附錄等三個部分。 (一)前置 1.英文封面:由論文英文題目、解釋、作者、指導老師姓名和職稱、時間組成。 2.目錄:由論文的中、英文摘要、篇、章、條、款以及參考書目、附錄等序號、題名和頁碼組成,排在英文封面之後另頁。 3.中、英文內容摘要:摘要是論文的內容不加註釋和評論的簡短陳述,宜以最簡潔的語言介紹論文的概要、作者的突出論點、新見解或創造性成果以及實驗方法、數據或結論,是一篇完整的短文,可以獨立使用,中文摘要一般在200字左右 4關鍵詞:關鍵詞是用以表示全文主題內容信息的單詞或術語。為便於文獻檢索,學位論文應註明三至五個具有代表意義中、外文「關鍵詞」,這些關鍵詞就是論文的中心詞,以顯著的字元另起一行,分別排在中、外文摘要的左下方。各關鍵詞之間用「分號」隔開。外文關鍵詞應與中文關鍵詞相對應。 (二)主體部分 主題部分包括引言(Introction)、正文(Body)、結論(Conclusion)、參考文獻(Bibliography)。主體部分必須由另頁右頁開始。 1.引言:主要說明研究工作的目的、涉及范圍、相關領域的前人研究成果和知識空白、研究設想、研究方法等方面的概述、理論意義和實用價值等。 2.正文:論文的正文是核心部分,佔主要篇幅。一般論文選題需要從幾個方面來論述或論證。要求論據充分,論點明確。行文必須實事求是,客觀真切,准確完備,合乎邏輯,層次分明,簡練可讀。正文部分要有分級標題,章、條、款、項的序號編碼方法,採用阿拉伯數分級系列編號法,論文中的章、條、款、項依次排列,依次從1開始,連續編號,中間用「.」相隔,最末級編號之後不加點。示例: 1. 2.…… 2.1 2.2…… 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3.… 2.2.3.1 3.結論:學位論文的結論是最終的、總體的結論,它是對正文部分的論述的概述,也可以在結論或討論中提出建議、研究設想、尚待解決的問題等。 4.參考文獻:寫作學位論文過程中,閱讀或運用過某些文獻所列出的書目清單,置於正文之後,另頁開始。參考文獻的著錄按原文獻語種為原則。 (1)文獻目錄應另頁書寫,外文文獻排前,中文文獻排後。外文文獻書名須用斜體。 (2)文獻目錄一律按作者姓氏漢語拼音或外文字母順序排列。 (3)每條文獻必須頂格寫,回行時空兩字或五個英語字母。 (4)將各文獻的類型代號(即文獻英文名的首字母)註明在文獻之後: 專著[M] 學位論文[D] 論文集〔C〕 報紙文章〔N〕 期刊文章〔J〕 報告[R] 專利 [P] 專著、論文集的析出文獻[A] 其他未說明文件 〔Z〕 電子文獻中光碟圖書 [M/CD](MONOGRAPH ON CD) 網上期刊〔J/OL〕(serial online) 5.文內所引文獻:要求附夾注,應在引文後加括弧註明作者姓名(英文只注姓),出版年和引文頁碼。若為轉引文獻,則加quoted in 字樣。 例:(王佐良,1982:38) (Newmark,8:26-33) 6.文獻中列出的文獻應該與正文中標注的文獻一一對應。正文中沒有出現的,不應出現在參考文獻中。 (三)附錄部分 附錄包括所有與論文有關的補充材料,如圖表或照片等。來源: http://..com/question/25570549.html?si=4